CASES/ ABSTRACTS

Submitted by Amelia Collins, University of Georgia

Evaluating host pathogen interactions of Bordetella bronchiseptica and Bordetella pertussis with respiratory epithelium utilizing an Air-Liquid-Interface system

The genus Bordetella contains many common respiratory disease-causing pathogen species in both humans and animals. Bordetella pertussis (Bp) and Bordetella bronchiseptica (Bb) cause Whooping cough in humans and Kennel cough in dogs, respectively. Bp and Bb reside in the respiratory tract and tightly adhere to epithelial cells during infection. Previous in vitro model systems used to evaluate the host-pathogen interactions occurring at this critical interface have not use polarized epithelial cells that simulate the human natural respiratory tract. This study utilizes an Air-Liquid-Interface culture system (ALI) using human broncho-tracheal (NHBE) cell cultures replete with cilia, goblet cells, mucus, and sol layers to evaluate how these pathogens interact with their niche: the ciliated epithelium that lines the mammalian airways. This study utilizes a highly virulent circulating strain of Bp (D420) and two isogenic mutant strains lacking key virulence factors (btrS and pertussis toxin) to evaluate tight junction integrity via trans-epithelial electrical resistance, bacterial growth on the apical surface, migration through the epithelium to the basal media, bacterial attachment & localization, and pro-inflammatory cytokine responses to infection. The data generated from these studies will reveal the roles of specific Bordetella virulence factors in various measurable aspects of their interactions with ciliated respiratory epithelia.

CASES/ ABSTRACTS

Submitted by Samantha Hicks, Texas A&M University

CASES/ ABSTRACTS

Submitted by Regan Smith, University of Georgia

Case: FDA Policy Effects on Antimicrobial Resistance in Salmonella Dublin Isolates

Submission Category: Cases and Abstracts

Assessing FDA policy effects on antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella Dublin isolates

Angelica Collins & Casey Cazer

Department of Population Medicine & Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine

In 2012 the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) prohibited the extra-label use of cephalosporin class antimicrobials in food-producing animals to reduce the risk of cephalosporin-resistant zoonotic bacteria. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) Salmonella enterica serotype Dublin before and after this policy change. We have analyzed Salmonella Dublin isolate antimicrobial susceptibility data collected by the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System at the slaughter stage between 1998 and 2017. Internationally accepted breakpoint values were used to determine if the isolates were resistant or susceptible. Chi-square tests were performed to compare the proportion of resistance before (2006-2011) and after (2012-2017) implementation of the policy. Survival analysis was used to assess shifts in MIC distributions; growth inhibition is used as the event and concentration of the antimicrobial that inhibits growth is used as the time.

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Plantar Pastern Subluxation - A Case Study

Check out this interesting case study that Bianca Ruspi from Cornell University was a part of!

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